TripSit · Tramadol

正文中文为机器翻译，仅供参考；专业内容以折叠的原文为准。

详情

别名

tram

分类

阿片类 习惯形成 抑制剂 常规

相互作用

2c-t-x

风险等级

不安全 （Unsafe）

2c-x

备注

众所周知，曲马多可以降低癫痫发作阈值，而迷幻药会增加癫痫发作的风险。

查看原文

Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics raise the risk of seizures.

风险等级

不安全 （Unsafe）

5-meo-xxt

风险等级

不安全 （Unsafe）

alcohol

备注

重度中枢神经系统抑制剂，有癫痫发作的风险。这两种物质都会增强另一种物质引起的共济失调和镇静作用，高剂量时可能会导致意外的意识丧失。将受影响的人置于恢复位置，以防止吸入过量呕吐物。内存中断是有可能的。

查看原文

Heavy CNS depressants, risk of seizures. Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. Place the affected individual in the recovery position to prevent vomit aspiration from excess. Memory blackouts are likely.

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

amphetamines

备注

曲马多和兴奋剂都会增加癫痫发作的风险。

查看原文

Tramadol and stimulants both increase the risk of seizures.

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

amt

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

benzodiazepines

备注

中枢神经系统和/或呼吸抑制作用可以叠加或协同地存在。昏倒时存在呕吐物误吸的风险，如果误食，请以恢复姿势躺下。

查看原文

Central nervous system- and/or respiratory-depressant effects may be additively or synergistically present. Vomit aspiration is a risk when passed out, lay down in recovery position if ingested.

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

caffeine

风险等级

Low Risk & No Synergy

cannabis

风险等级

低风险 · 协同 （Low Risk & Synergy）

cocaine

备注

曲马多和兴奋剂都会增加癫痫发作的风险。

查看原文

Tramadol and stimulants both increase the risk of seizures.

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

dextromethorphan

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

diphenhydramine

备注

这两种药物都会增加血清素综合征的风险。在医疗剂量下，这不太可能引起关注，但应避免娱乐剂量。苯海拉明可能会增加曲马多癫痫发作的风险。

查看原文

Both drugs increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. While at medical dosages, this is unlikely to be of concern, recreational doses should be avoided. Diphenhydramine may increase tramadol’s seizure risk.

来源

author

Benson, B. E., Farooqi, M. F., Klein-Schwartz, W., Litovitz, T., Webb, A. N., Borys, D. J., Lung, D., Rutherfoord Rose, S., Aleguas, A., Sollee, D. R., & Seifert, S. A. (2010)

标题

Diphenhydramine dose–response: a novel approach to determine triage thresholds. Clinical Toxicology, 48(8), 820–831.

链接

https://doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2010.514269

author

Dhesi, M., Maldonado, K. A., Patel, P., & Maani, C. V. (2025)

标题

Tramadol. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.

链接

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537060/

author

Hughes, A. R., Lin, A., Hendrickson, R. G., & on behalf of Toxicology Investigator’s Consortium (ToxIC). (2021)

标题

Clinical and patient characteristics associated with severe outcome in diphenhydramine toxicity. Clinical Toxicology, 59(10), 918–925.

链接

https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2021.1891244

author

Khan, S., Saud, S., Khan, I., Asif, M., Ismail, O., Salam, A., Yang, T. J., & Norville, K. J. (2018)

标题

Serotonin Syndrome Presenting with Concomitant Tramadol and Diphenhydramine Use: A Case Report of an Unlikely Side-Effect. Cureus.

链接

https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.2421

author

Kim, H., Kim, S. H., & Kim, J. B. (2021)

标题

Antihistamines as a common cause of new-onset seizures: a single-center observational study. Neurological Sciences: Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 42(6), 2505–2508.

链接

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05043-2

author

Kim, H., Wang, I.-N., Park, J.-S., Kim, K.-T., Kong, J., Kim, J. B., & Kim, D.-J. (2023)

标题

Inherent seizure susceptibility in patients with antihistamine-induced acute symptomatic seizure: a resting-state EEG analysis. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 9146.

链接

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36415-7

author

Sanaei-Zadeh, H. (2012)

标题

Diphenhydramine overdose and serotonin syndrome. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 66(3), 244–245.

链接

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2012.02320.x

author

Sicari, V., Patel, P., & Zabbo, C. P. (2025)

标题

Diphenhydramine. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.

链接

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526010/

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

dmt

备注

众所周知，曲马多可以降低癫痫发作阈值，迷幻药也会引起偶尔的癫痫发作。

查看原文

Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.

风险等级

不安全 （Unsafe）

dox

备注

众所周知，曲马多可以降低癫痫发作阈值，迷幻药也会引起偶尔的癫痫发作。

查看原文

Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.

风险等级

不安全 （Unsafe）

ghb/gbl

备注

这种组合的镇静作用可能导致危险的呼吸抑制。

查看原文

The sedative effects of this combination can lead to dangerous respiratory depression.

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

ketamine

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

lithium

备注

曲马多和锂都会增加癫痫发作和血清素综合征的风险。

查看原文

Tramadol and Lithium both increase the risk of seizures and serotonin syndrome.

来源

author

Steven C. Julius, Richard P. Brenner

标题

Myoclonic seizures with lithium

链接

https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(87)90026-6

author

Charles DeBattista, Mehmet Sofuoglu, and Alan F. Schatzberg

标题

Serotonergic Synergism: The Risks and Benefits of Combining the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors with Other Serotonergic Drugs

链接

https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00161-9

author

Massot, O., Rousselle, JC., Fillion, MP. et al.

标题

5-HT1B Receptors: A Novel Target for Lithium: Possible Involvement in Mood Disorders

链接

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00042-1

author

Sameer Hassamal, Karen Miotto, William Dale, Itai Danovitch

标题

Tramadol: Understanding the Risk of Serotonin Syndrome and Seizures

链接

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.04.025

author

Boostani R, Derakhshan S.

标题

Tramadol induced seizure: A 3-year study.

链接

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24009919/

author

Lagard, C.; Vodovar, D.; Chevillard, L.; Callebert, J.; Caillé, F.; Pottier, G.; Liang, H.; Risède, P.; Tournier, N.; Mégarbane, B.

标题

Investigation of the Mechanisms of Tramadol-Induced Seizures in Overdose in the Rat

链接

https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15101254

author

Sansone RA, Sansone LA.

标题

曲马多

链接

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19724727

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

lsd

备注

众所周知，曲马多可以降低癫痫发作阈值，迷幻药也会引起偶尔的癫痫发作。

查看原文

Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.

风险等级

不安全 （Unsafe）

maois

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

mdma

备注

曲马多和兴奋剂都会增加癫痫发作的风险。

查看原文

Tramadol and stimulants both increase the risk of seizures.

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

mephedrone

备注

休闲剂量的血清素综合征和癫痫发作的风险很高。这两种物质都会影响心脏，如果剂量较高，可能会导致进一步危险的心脏并发症。两者都会减弱彼此的效果，因此，如果一种药物先于另一种药物失效，则可能会因缺乏对抗作用而服用过量。合用可能会增加彼此的副作用，如头晕、嗜睡等。如果剂量较高，这种组合可能会增加彼此的副作用，例如谵妄、躁狂和精神病。

查看原文

There is a high risk of serotonin syndrome and seizures at recreational dosages. Both substances affect the heart and may lead to further dangerous heart complications at higher dosages. Both can dull each other's effects, so if one wears off before the other it's possible to overdose due to the lack of counteraction. The combination may increase each other's side effects, such as dizziness and drowsiness. At higher dosages, the combination may increase each other’s side effects, such as delirium, mania, and psychosis.

来源

author

Boostani, R., & Derakhshan, S.

标题

Tramadol induced seizure: A 3-year study. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 3(3), 484–487 (2012)

链接

N/A

author

Ener, R. A., Meglathery, S. B., Decker, W. A. V., & Gallagher, R. M.

标题

Serotonin Syndrome and Other Serotonergic Disorders: Table 1. Pain Medicine, 4(1), 63–74 (2003)

链接

https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03005.x

author

Hadlock, G. C., Webb, K. M., McFadden, L. M., Chu, P. W., Ellis, J. D., Allen, S. C., Andrenyak, D. M., Vieira-Brock, P. L., German, C. L., Conrad, K. M., Hoonakker, A. J., Gibb, J. W., Wilkins, D. G., Hanson, G. R., & Fleckenstein, A. E.

标题

4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 339(2), 530–536 (2011)

链接

https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.111.184119

author

Kehr, J., Ichinose, F., Yoshitake, S., Goiny, M., Sievertsson, T., Nyberg, F., & Yoshitake, T.

标题

Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats: Mephedrone increases both DA and 5-HT in rat brain. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(8), 1949–1958 (2011)

链接

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x

author

Lagard, C., Vodovar, D., Chevillard, L., Callebert, J., Caillé, F., Pottier, G., Liang, H., Risède, P., Tournier, N., & Mégarbane, B.

标题

Investigation of the Mechanisms of Tramadol-Induced Seizures in Overdose in the Rat. Pharmaceuticals, 15(10), 1254 (2022)

链接

https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15101254

author

Meng, H., Cao, J., Kang, J., Ying, X., Ji, J., Reynolds, W., & Rampe, D.

标题

Mephedrone, a new designer drug of abuse, produces acute hemodynamic effects in the rat. Toxicology Letters, 208(1), 62–68 (2012)

链接

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.010

author

Sansone, R. A., & Sansone, L. A.

标题

Tramadol: seizures, serotonin syndrome, and coadministered antidepressants. Psychiatry (Edgmont (Pa.: Township)), 6(4), 17–21 (2009)

链接

N/A

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

mescaline

备注

由于曲马多降低了阈值，并且麦斯卡林可能导致癫痫发作，因此这种组合可能会导致癫痫发作。

查看原文

This combination can cause seizures due to the lowering of the threshold by tramadol and the potential of mescaline to cause seziures.

风险等级

不安全 （Unsafe）

mushrooms

备注

众所周知，曲马多可以降低癫痫发作阈值，迷幻药也会引起偶尔的癫痫发作。

查看原文

Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and psychedelics also cause occasional seizures.

风险等级

不安全 （Unsafe）

mxe

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

nbomes

备注

众所周知，曲马多可以降低癫痫阈值，而 NBOMes 也显示出导致严重癫痫发作的倾向

查看原文

Tramadol is well known to lower seizure threshold and NBOMes have also shown a tendency to cause severe seizures

风险等级

不安全 （Unsafe）

nitrous

备注

这两种物质都会增强另一种物质引起的共济失调和镇静作用，高剂量时可能会导致意外的意识丧失。在失去知觉时，如果不处于恢复姿势，则有呕吐物误吸的风险。内存中断是有可能的。

查看原文

Both substances potentiate the ataxia and sedation caused by the other and can lead to unexpected loss of consciousness at high doses. While unconscious, vomit aspiration is a risk if not placed in the recovery position. Memory blackouts are likely.

风险等级

谨慎 （Caution）

opioids

备注

同时使用曲马多会增加服用其他阿片类药物的个体癫痫发作的风险。这些药物通常单独引起癫痫，并且在共同给药期间可能对癫痫阈值产生累加效应。中枢神经系统和/或呼吸抑制作用可能叠加或协同存在

查看原文

Concomitant use of tramadol increases the seizure risk in individuals taking other opioids. These agents are often individually epileptogenic and may have additive effects on seizure threshold during coadministration. Central nervous system- and/or respiratory-depressant effects may be additively or synergistically present

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

pcp

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

pregabalin

备注

癫痫发作的风险很大。这两种物质都是中枢神经系统抑制剂，彼此之间会产生不可预测的强烈增强作用，增加记忆丧失、严重共济失调和意识丧失的可能性。这种相互作用会造成更大的抑制和受伤的风险。如果用户失去知觉，强烈建议将其置于恢复位置并监测呼吸。据报道，医疗剂量不是一个问题。

查看原文

There is a significant risk of seizures. Both substances are CNS depressants, potentiating each other strongly and unpredictably, raising the chances of memory loss, severe ataxia, and unconsciousness. The interaction will cause greater inhibition and risk of injury. If the user falls unconscious it is strongly recommended to put them into the recovery position and monitor breathing. Medical dosages are not reported to be a concern.

来源

author

Altair. (n.d.-a)

标题

Pregabalin (Lyrica) - Erowid Exp - “Heart Arrhythmia, Seizure : Not Recreational.”

链接

https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=69917

author

Ben-Menachem, E. (2004)

标题

Pregabalin pharmacology and its relevance to clinical practice. Epilepsia, 45 Suppl 6, 13–18.

链接

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.455003.x

author

Boostani, R., & Derakhshan, S. (2012)

标题

Tramadol induced seizure: A 3-year study. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 3(3), 484–487.

链接

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24009919/

author

Douke, R. (n.d.)

标题

Pregabalin & Tramadol - Erowid Exp - “Grand Mal Seizures.”

链接

https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=83232

author

French, J., Kwan, P., Fakhoury, T., Pitman, V., DuBrava, S., Knapp, L., & Yurkewicz, L. (2014)

标题

Pregabalin monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures. Neurology, 82(7), 590–597.

链接

https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000119

author

Hassamal, S., Miotto, K., Dale, W., & Danovitch, I. (2018)

标题

Tramadol: Understanding the Risk of Serotonin Syndrome and Seizures. The American Journal of Medicine, 131(11), 1382.e1-1382.e6.

链接

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.04.025

author

Lyndon, A., Audrey, S., Wells, C., Burnell, E. S., Ingle, S., Hill, R., Hickman, M., & Henderson, G. (2017)

标题

Risk to heroin users of polydrug use of pregabalin or gabapentin: Risks in combining gabapentoids with heroin. Addiction, 112(9), 1580–1589.

链接

https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13843

author

Rietjens, S. J., Sikma, M. A., Hunault, C. C., De Lange, D. W., & Hondebrink, L. (2022)

标题

Pregabalin poisoning: Evaluation of dose‐toxicity relationship. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 88(3), 1288–1297.

链接

https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15073

author

Sean. (n.d.-b)

标题

Pregabalin - Erowid Exp - “Stay Away.”

链接

https://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=67302

author

Slocum, G. W., Schult, R. F., Gorodetsky, R. M., Wiegand, T. J., Kamali, M., & Acquisto, N. M. (2018)

标题

Pregabalin and paradoxical reaction of seizures in a large overdose. Toxicology Communications, 2(1), 19–20.

链接

https://doi.org/10.1080/24734306.2018.1458465

风险等级

不安全 （Unsafe）

ssris

风险等级

危险（应避免） （Dangerous）

剂量说明

NOTE: Tramadol has a ceiling dose where recreational effects are not increased. There is a risk of seizures at doses over 300mg or less for indivudals predisposed. Tramadol decreases the seizure threshold. Caution is strongly recommended. Dosing insufflated is ineffective.

后遗时间

1-12 小时

剂量

口服

常规

100-250mg

重剂量

250-400mg

轻度

50-100mg

持续时间

5-7 小时

效应

euphoria elevated mood overall feeling of contentedness itching drowsiness vomiting urinary retention nausea constipation seizures

起效时间

1 小时

名称

曲马多

通用名

曲马多

属性

后遗效应

1–12 小时.

别名

tram

avoid

benzos, alcohol, and other opiates

生物利用度

Oral 68-72% | Rectal 77%

分类

阿片类 习惯形成 抑制剂 常规

剂量

Oral Light: 50-100mg Common: 100-250mg Heavy: 250-400mg | NOTE: Tramadol has a ceiling dose where recreational effects are not increased. There is a risk of seizures at doses over 300mg or less for individuals predisposed. Tramadol decreases the seizure threshold. Caution is strongly recommended. Dosing insufflated is ineffective.

持续

5–7 小时

效应

euphoria, elevated mood, overall feeling of contentedness, itching, drowsiness, vomiting, urinary retention, nausea, constipation, seizures

起效

1 小时 first effects, reaching peak blood concentration at 4 小时.

摘要

A synthetic opioid analgesic, tramadol is used to treat moderate pain and can be considered a medium-strength opioid. Tramadol has the unusual effect of being a serotonin releasing agent and a serotonin reuptake inhibitor. As a consequence, care should be taken to not ingest tramadol in excess due to the risk of serotonin syndrome. There is a risk of seizures at doses over 300mg or less for individuals predisposed.

效应

Anxiety suppression

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Anxiety_suppression

Cognitive euphoria

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cognitive_euphoria

Compulsive redosing

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Compulsive_redosing

Constipation

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Constipation

Cough suppression

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Cough_suppression

Difficulty urinating

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Difficulty_urinating

Itchiness

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Itchiness

Nausea

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Nausea

Pain relief

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pain_relief

Physical euphoria

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Physical_euphoria

Pupil constriction

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Pupil_constriction

Sedation

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Sedation

Stimulation

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Stimulation

Thought acceleration

https://psychonautwiki.org/wiki/Thought_acceleration

来源

general

High-concentration tramadol-induced vasodilation in rabbit aorta is mediated by both endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12740170 Supra-additive effects of tramadol and acetaminophen in a human pain model - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17709207 Opioid and nonopioid components independently contribute to the mechanism of action of tramadol making it 'atypical' - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/260/1/275.short